During the last tow decades simulations of large, continental ice masses (ice-sheets including ice-shelves) as well as glaciers gained an important role in understanding the dynamics as well as thermodynamics of this large part of Earth's cryosphere. Ice under atmospheric conditions can be considered as a visco-plastic fluid with a non-linear Norton-Hoff type rheology, that in addition can show a pronounced induced spatial anisotropy. Furthermore, the strong thermo-mechanical coupling usually demands the consideration of the energy balance that also has to take into account the upper limit of the temperature being imposed by the pressure melting point of ice. The presentation shall introduce the governing mechanical and thermodynamical equations of ice and provide information on solution strategies using the FE package Elmer and the FD code SICOPOLIS. This shall be done on the basis of real-world application in ice-sheet as well as glacier modeling.